Final
Gianni Berengo Gardin- italian photojournalist "the power of photography lies in its close connection
to reality. modifications can make it more beautiful or compelling, but it will no longer be the truth."
Aperture- diaphragm in the lense, controls light and DoF
bigger number =smaller opening less light –more DoF
smaller number= bigger opening more light-less DoF
Shutter speed- in the camera controls amount of light let in.
speed1-2-4-8-15-30-60-125-250-500-1000-2000-4000
ISO- sensor sentivity- higher iso more sensitive-can appear grainy.
Sunny- 250/16
Sun with clouds- 250/11
Cloudy with sun- 250/8
Cloudy- 125/8 or 60/11
Structure of Film:
Gianni Berengo Gardin- italian photojournalist "the power of photography lies in its close connection
to reality. modifications can make it more beautiful or compelling, but it will no longer be the truth."
Aperture- diaphragm in the lense, controls light and DoF
bigger number =smaller opening less light –more DoF
smaller number= bigger opening more light-less DoF
Shutter speed- in the camera controls amount of light let in.
speed1-2-4-8-15-30-60-125-250-500-1000-2000-4000
ISO- sensor sentivity- higher iso more sensitive-can appear grainy.
Sunny- 250/16
Sun with clouds- 250/11
Cloudy with sun- 250/8
Cloudy- 125/8 or 60/11
Structure of Film:
1. Supercoat of Gelatin-
protects the film
2. Emulsion layer
3. Substrate or subbing layer
helps the adhesion of the emulsion to the film base.
4. The film base or
support.
5. A backing layer on the rear
which can counteract curling of the film.
Most common is size of film is 62mm x 45mm
Developing Film
developer-One part developer to 9 parts water.
Water- 20 degrees Celsius
Fixer-1 part fixer to 4 parts water.
1. Developer (time varies, usually 7-12 minutes)
2. Stop bath (1 minute)
3. Fixer (5-10 minutes)
4. Wash (20-30 minutes)
5. Wetting agent (1 minute)
6. Dry (4-8 hours)
Most common is size of film is 62mm x 45mm
Developing Film
developer-One part developer to 9 parts water.
Water- 20 degrees Celsius
Fixer-1 part fixer to 4 parts water.
1. Developer (time varies, usually 7-12 minutes)
2. Stop bath (1 minute)
3. Fixer (5-10 minutes)
4. Wash (20-30 minutes)
5. Wetting agent (1 minute)
6. Dry (4-8 hours)
Printing Film
Enlarger With the negatives the
enlarger helps recreate the image and burn it onto printing paper.
Use the aperture of enlarger to control light. Smaller aperture less light, lighter print, larger aperture, more light, darker print.
Filter- higher filter more contrast
After burning, pass paper to wet area of printing lab going Developer to water to Fixer, then wash and hang.
Important to fix the print because it can get damaged with light.
Use the aperture of enlarger to control light. Smaller aperture less light, lighter print, larger aperture, more light, darker print.
Filter- higher filter more contrast
After burning, pass paper to wet area of printing lab going Developer to water to Fixer, then wash and hang.
Important to fix the print because it can get damaged with light.






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