A back flip performed in a three step progression.
35mm Film
Technical Photograph
Diaphragm: This part of a camera is used to adjust the
amount of light in an exposure
Artistic Photograph
George Rodgers
England 1940, The Blitz
Link: Steps for Developing Negatives
Negative Development
35mm, natural light, no flash, low iso, wide angle lens, photographer was standing, over exposure,
35mm, High Iso, telephoto lens, natural light, photo was taken at a low upward level,
amount of light in an exposure
George Rodgers
England 1940, The Blitz
Depth of Field
Depth of field (DOF) refers to how much of a photo is sharp in front and back of where you focus on the main subject. DOF is primarily controlled by aperture size though other factors come into play such as the focal length of the lens and the distance the background is from the subject.
Ulysses Ronquillo
This image is an example of an image captured over a small, but not instantaneous period of time, reflecting variation in shutter speed.
Photos By Elliot Erwitt, Demonstrating the Grid
Link: Steps for Developing Negatives
Negative Development
1.Which f-stop allows the most
light in?
F1.8
2.Which allows the least?
F22
3.Which will give the most depth of
field?
F1.8
4.What does depth-of-field
mean?
The FOD
is the distance between the nearest and farthest object, and the zone that an image
is in focus. Objects outside of this zone will area blurred.
5.Where is the aperture diaphragm
located?
The aperture diaphragm is located within the
lens.
6.How is aperture measured?
The aperture is measured in F-Stops, which is
a measurement of the amount of light allowed to pass through the diaphragm.
7.Which f-stop allows half the
amount of light as f5.6?
F11
8.Which allows twice the light as
f5.6?
F4
9.What does focal length
refer to?
Focal Length refers to the distance from the
object in focus to the lens of the camera.
10.
Besides aperture, what is another factor that
affects depth of field?
The focal length of the lens will alter the
depth of field.
11.
Where is the depth of field scale located
(on a traditional slr)?
It is located in the lens near the diaphragm.
12.
What is the shutter and what does it
control?
The
shutter controls the amount of light allowed in a camera, by regulating the
about a time light moves through the diaphragm.
13.
How is shutter speed measured?
Shutter speed is measured as the time allowed
for light to move through the diaphragm as a fraction of a second. Usually the
time range is between 1/1000s to 1s
14.
Where is the shutter located?
The shutter is located behind the lens within
the camera.
15.
What kind of shutter speed is needed in low light
conditions?
A low shutter speed would be needed in low light conditions.
16.
What does “B” refer to?
Is a manual setting for shutter speed that
will keep the shutter open for the amount of time you hold the capture button.
17.
What is the safest slow shutter speed without a
tripod?
1/30s
18.
Which ss allows twice as much light as “60”(1/60)?
1/30s
19.
Which allows half as much light as “60”?
1/125s
20.
(4 points) On a given day, your camera gives you a
correct reading of f4 at 250. What other configurations
would give you the same amount of light and a greater depth of field?
(list four ways).
F5.8 at 1/125s
F8 at
1/60s
F11
at 1/30s
F16
at 1/15 s
21.
Which would give you the same amount (as above) of
light and allow you to create a blurred picture of a speeding car?
F8 at 1/60s
22.
Which shutter speed would give you the same
amount of light (as above, question 20) at f2.8?
F2.8 at
1/500s
23.
On a shadowy area with a bright sky, how
would you insure a correct exposure of a subject in shadow?
F11 at
1/250s
24.
(4 p)Which is a better setting, f4 at 1/60,
or f 16 at 1/4 ? Say why.
F4 at
1/60s, this setting will give you a sharp image and would be less blurry.
25.
What does ISO refer to?
The film sensitivity with respect to light
exposure.
26.
What is a fast film and when should it be used?
Fast film
is a very sensitive film used to produce grainy photos.
27.
What is the major problem with fast films?
There is a lot of noise in the photo.
28.
What are the three chemical steps used in printing
a photograph?
Two minutes in developer, 30 seconds in
water, then two minutes in the fixer
29.
List two (2 p) ways exposure is controlled
in the darkroom.
The strength of the time and time of
exposure.
30.
How is contrast manipulated in the darkroom?
Contrast
is manipulated by the filter used.
35mm, natural light, no flash, low iso, wide angle lens, photographer was standing, over exposure,
Moderate telephoto, artificial light, photographer was squatting,
35mm, High Iso, telephoto lens, natural light, photo was taken at a low upward level,
Photographic emulsion film sometimes appears to exaggerate the color of the light, as it does not adapt to lighting color as human visual perception does. An object that appears to the eye to be white may turn out to look very blue or orange in a photograph. The color balance may need to be corrected while shooting or while printing to achieve a neutral color print.
ReplyDeletePhotographic film is made for specific light sources (most commonly daylight film and tungsten film), and used properly, will create a neutral color print. Matching the sensitivity of the film to the color temperature of the light source is one way to balance color. If tungsten film is used indoors with incandescent lamps, the yellowish-orange light of the tungsten incandescent lamps will appear as white (3,200 K) in the photograph.
Filters on a camera lens, or color gels over the light source(s) may also be used to correct color balance. When shooting with a bluish light (high color temperature) source such as on an overcast day, in the shade, in window light or if using tungsten film with white or blue light, a yellowish-orange filter will correct this. For shooting with daylight film (calibrated to 5,600 K) under warmer (low color temperature) light sources such as sunsets, candlelight or tungsten lighting, a bluish (e.g., #80A) filter may be used.
If there is more than one light source with varied color temperatures, one way to balance the color is to use daylight film and place color-correcting gel filters over each light source.
Photographers sometimes use color temperature meters. Color temperature meters are usually designed to read only two regions along the visible spectrum (red and blue); more expensive ones read three regions (red, green, and blue). However, they are ineffective with sources such as fluorescent or discharge lamps, whose light varies in color and may be harder to correct for. Because it is often greenish, a magenta filter may correct it. More sophisticated colorimetry tools can be used where such meters are lacking.